Functional Planning of Buildings

Functional Planning and Site Selection in Building Construction

Functional Planning of Buildings is a crucial step in any building project, ensuring environments that are comfortable, efficient, and conducive to healthy living, working, and recreation. Well-planned homes and workplaces not only enhance daily life but also contribute to national growth by improving productivity. Site selection plays a pivotal role in this process, considering factors like location in developed areas, proximity to community services, soil quality, and legal regulations. A good site offers accessibility to utilities and amenities while being free from environmental hazards. Functional Planning of Buildings Preparing a detailed site plan, including plot boundaries, setbacks, utilities, and zoning restrictions, is essential for successful and compliant construction.

Explain Functional Planning of Buildings

Functional Planning of Buildings is a prerequisite of any building. Effective planning creates a favorable environment for living, working, and recreation. Good homes mean houses that are well built and well planned for efficient and comfortable living, with an environment required for building up happy, healthy, beautiful, cheerful, and peaceful lives.

Also, good planning of factory or business buildings improves the working environment. Working conditions should be planned and developed so that people working there feel pleasure rather than boredom. This will increase the efficiency and output of the work, which in the end is beneficial to national growth and uplift.

Principles of Site Selection

For effective planning and design of buildings, selecting the right site is crucial.

The following general principles should be considered when choosing a site for a building:

1. The purpose of the building and the degree of privacy needed.

2. The site should be situated in a well-developed or rapidly developing area.

3. The site should be positioned to ensure easy access to community services such as police and fire protection, waste disposal, street cleaning, and utility services like water supply, electricity, and drainage. amenities like schools, hospitals, markets, cinemas, bank, etc. shopping facilities and means of transport are also available within a short distance.

4. Before selecting a site, one should study the bylaws of the local authority, which before restrictions regarding proportions of plots to be built up, open spaces and margins to be left in front and sides, heights of buildings, etc.

5. The plot area should be sufficient to accommodate the building as per the owner’s requirements while adhering to the local authority’s regulations and restrictions.

6. The shape of the plot should be regular and free from sharp corners.

7. The site should be located on elevated ground and leveled with uniform slopes from one end to the other to ensure efficient and quick drainage of rainwater.

8. The soil at the site should have a high safe bearing capacity to support cost-effective and stable foundations.

9. The site should be situated in a naturally beautiful environment that creates healthy living and working conditions.

10. The site should be away from quarries, kilns, factories, industries, rivers carrying heavy floods, water-logged areas, badly maintained drains slums, etc.

11. The legal and financial factors should also be carefully considered.

Site Plan

Functional Planning of Buildings The site plan is a layout showing the location of the area belonging to the building or property under consideration. It should be prepared prior to the building’s construction and must include the following details:

1. The shape of the plot and the boundary of the plot with all exterior dimensions.

2. Setback line at the front, back, and sides.

3. Any permanent boundaries or marks if any existing on site.

4. The type of existing street or road along with its name and width should be indicated.

5. Grade elevation at the center line should also be indicated. Grade elevations at the corners of the plot and the corners of the house should be Indicated using contour lines.

6. Size and location of detached garage or toilet block if any.

7. North line and wind direction should be indicated clearly.

8. Width and type of footpaths, if any.

9. Zoning and restrictions for the building should be mentioned.

10. The location of the fire hydrant should be shown.

11. Size, location, type, and details of gas line, underground drainage line, man-holes, connection to the public sewer, water mains, ventilating pipes, electric cable lines, etc. should be indicated clearly Functional Planning of Buildings.

---

Formwork for Walls

This content provides a detailed guide on formwork used in wall construction, staircases, and slip-form methods. It explains the structural components, their arrangement, and methods to ensure alignment and durability during concrete pouring.

Full Form of RCC & Its Role in Construction

Building strong, durable, and long-lasting structures is a crucial aspect of construction projects. One material that has stood the test of time and continues to be widely used is reinforced cement concrete, commonly known as RCC.