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Sanskar Shinde 
Organizational Structures: Types and Functions Organizing: Introduction to Organization design, basic types of Departmentalization, Co-ordination, Authority.An organization is a group of persons united to achieve any task. It can also be described as a coordinated set of activities and resources designed to support the pursuit of shared goals and objectives. Examples of organizations include companies, … Read more
Fundamentals of solid waste This comprehensive document provides an in-depth exploration of Fundamentals of solid waste βmaterials discarded in solid or semi-solid statesβand their classification based on origin and type. It covers the various categories of solid waste, including domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, biomedical, hazardous, and e-waste, detailing their sources and characteristics. The content also … Read more
Management and Functions of Management Concept and Objectives of Management Management is nothing but getting things done by other people with the help of optimum resources to achieve the desired goals. It is concerned with preparing, organizing, and directing human efforts toward the achievement of objectives use in Management and Functions of Management. Objectives of … Read more
Importance of construction industry Special Characteristics of civil engineering works Q. What is Special Characteristics of civil engineering works ? The following are the important characteristics of civil engineering works: Classification of works: The following are the common systems of classification of Construction works: 1. Minor works, major works and projects: This is the most … Read more
Civil engineering offers a wide range of exciting career opportunities across construction, design, project management, and infrastructure development. Whether you prefer working for government agencies or private companies, the field provides roles on large-scale projects like bridges, roads, and water supply systems. With growing urbanization and infrastructure needs worldwide, demand for civil engineers continues to … Read more
Construction materials methods and techniques building for a sustainable future Sustainable construction methods focus on minimizing the environmental impact of building processes while optimizing resource efficiency. Here are a few key strategies 1. Eco-Friendly Materials Renewable Resources, we can include things that are suitable for reuse. Bamboo can also be used. Because bamboo proliferates, it … Read more
Organization Setup of PWD, Building and Road (B and R) branch, which deals with buildings, roads, bridges culverts, etc., and connecting works. The Organization Setup of PWD (Public Works Department) plays a vital role in shaping a nation’s infrastructure, ensuring the smooth execution of government construction projects like roads, bridges, buildings, and more. Understanding how … Read more
Specifications of Items in Civil Engineering Works Specifications of Civil Engineering Works Itβs not feasible to provide data on the quality of materials or workmanship through the drawings alone. The specifications are important as: Specification: Specifications of Civil Engineering Works It is a contract document specirying the quality of material to be used and the … Read more
Various Types Of Payments To Contractors The payment to the contractors for works or for supply of materials are made on the basis of measurements recorded in the Measurement Book. (M.B.) When the work or supply is sufficiently progressed (or completed) the detailed measurements are taken, by the overseer and recorded in M.B. Then an … Read more
Various Bill Forms Used in PWD for Accounting Bills: A bill is a detailed account of a claim for work done or supplies made. It includes quantities, rates, and the amount due, payment to the contractor is prepared from the abstract in the measurement book. The various standard forms of bills used for payment according … Read more