Demand for Houses
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Demand for Houses

The house serves as the foundational unit of society and represents the primary space for human habitation. The house is built to grant protection against wind and weather and to give insurance against physical insecurity of all kinds. As a matter of fact, the house has come to occupy an increasing role as a framework of family and social life. Housing, along with food and clothing, full-fills one of the fundamental needs of human lifeDemand for Houses.

However, the following are the three peculiar constraints to the housing commodity:

1. Immobility:

Unlike food and clothing, the housing is immobile. With the more development of transport and trade and improved methods of cultivation and production, the problems of food and clothing can be easily tackled. Such is not the case with housing problem. As a matter of fact, the development of transport and trade has little impact on the housing problem Demand for Houses.

2. Initial investment:

As compared to food and clothing, the housing requires heavy initial investment and because of this factor, the housing becomes an empty dream for many persons Demand for Houses.

3. Other problems:

The housing problem also attracts the solution of several other factors, such as transport, finance, taxation, building industry, population, land policy, etc Demand for Houses.

The housing activity is doubly blessed, rarely, it gives somebody a roof to live under and it serves as a source of income to the Labour used in its construction The special feature of the demand of housing consists in is unique nature and the demand for houses depends on the following factors:

  1. availability of cheap finance.
  2. availability of skilled labour.
  3. available transport facilities
  4. The cost of labor and construction materials forms a significant portion of the overall expenses involved in building projects.
  5. predictions of future demand.
  6. rate of interest on investment eg. ow rates of interest with facilities of long term repayment may facilitate investment in housing Demand for Houses:
  7. rate of population growth and urbanization.
  8. supply of developed plots at reasonable prices.
  9. taxation policy on real estates. town planning and environmental conditions etc.

Building Site

In most of the cases, a number of building sites will be available. It is extremely necessary to select proper site for the proposed housing scheme. The relative merits and demerits of all the available building sites should be studied and then only a final choice on building site affording the maximum advantages should be made Demand for Houses.

Β The factors to be considered while selecting the building site are as follows:

  1. access to parks and playgrounds.
  2. agricultural potentiality of the land.
  3. Accessibility to essential public utilities, such as water supply, electricity, and sewage disposal, plays a crucial role in site selection and development.
  4. The land’s contour and topography significantly influence building costs, as factors like leveling, excavation, and drainage systems may add to construction expenses.
  5. cost of land.
  6. distance from places of workThe location’s proximity to schools, colleges, and public buildings is an important consideration, as it ensures convenience, accessibility, and enhances the overall value and functionality of the area Demand for Houses.
  7. ease of drainage.
  8. nature of use of adjacent areas.
  9. transport facilities.
  10. wind, velocity and direction, etc.

Requirements of Residential Buildings

A well-designed residential building meets the needs of its occupants in the most efficient and comfortable way. The key requirements for residential buildings can be outlined as follows:

  1. Height: The height of the building should complement the width of the road or street it faces, ensuring visual balance and proportionality Demand for Houses.
  2. Location: Residential buildings should be situated in areas free from nuisances like dust, noise, smoke, and unpleasant odors. They should also be conveniently close to transportation, markets, schools, hospitals, and other essential facilities.
  3. Orientation: Proper orientation of the building with respect to sunlight, rainfall, and wind is essential to enhance comfort and energy efficiency.
  4. Parks and Playgrounds: Ideally, buildings should be located near parks and playgrounds, providing recreational spaces for children. Accessibility to these areas without crossing busy roads adds an extra layer of safety Demand for Houses.
  5. Privacy: The design should prioritize privacy for residents, even if it requires compromising on certain architectural features. Ensuring personal space is vital for comfort and well-being.
  6. Security: Buildings should be constructed with safety in mind, offering protection against theft and fire. Incorporating a strong room for storing valuables can further enhance security.
  7. Space: Adequate space is crucial to ensure comfort. The floor area and overall volume should be proportional to the number of occupants. A recommended standard is at least 4.65 mΒ² of floor area and 8.50 mΒ³ of cubic volume per person Demand for Houses.
  8. Utility Services: Essential amenities such as electricity, water supply, and drainage systems should be readily available and affordable.
  9. Ventilation: Proper ventilation is a must for maintaining healthy indoor air quality. Rooms should be designed to allow ample light and airflow Demand for Houses.

Classification of Residential Buildings

The residential buildings may broadly be classified in five categories as follows:

  1. Detached houses
  2. Semi-detached houses
  3. Row of houses
  4. Apartments or flats
  5. Skyscrapers.

The house may consist of a single tenement or a number of tenements. It should be noted that in housing parlance, a tenement means a family unit. Each category of residential building will now be briefly described Demand for Houses.

(1) Detached houses:

It is common for families to prefer a home surrounded by their own land, which has led to the popularity of detached houses. These houses are designed to meet the specific needs of the family living in them, offering flexibility in layout and features. Ample space is usually left on the front, rear, and sides, providing privacy and the possibility of adding amenities like private gardens, swimming pools, and outdoor seating areas. Detached houses represent the highest standard of residential living and are most suitable in areas where land prices are relatively affordable Demand for Houses.

(2) Semi-detached houses:

A semi-detached house features a common boundary wall that divides an independent plot into two separate units. This design retains many of the benefits of detached houses, such as privacy and outdoor space, while offering greater affordability. Cost savings are achieved by sharing expenses for common amenities like water lines, drainage systems, and electrical connections, making it a practical and economical housing option. drainage lines, electric cables, etc Demand for Houses.

(3) Row of houses:

For providing reasonable accommodation to the labourers or workers, a row of houses with minimum requirements such as living room and kitchen, may be constructed. It may be single-storeyed or two-storeyed. The row-housing yields more net residential density and it is preferred for the low-income group of families Demand for Houses.

(4) Apartments or flats:

With increasing migration from villages to cities, the demand for urban housing has surged, leading to a sharp rise in land prices. As a result, owning a detached house in densely populated city areas has become impractical, even for higher-income groups. This challenge has given rise to the concept of apartments or flats.

An apartment building typically consists of three to seven storeys, with each floor accommodating two to four tenements. Apartments offer a cost-effective and space-efficient solution to urban housing needs, making them a popular choice in modern cities. The idea of ownership flats is becoming popular day by day in big cities. The land and other common amenities appurtenant to flat are shared by all the occupants. The individual flat owner has no future scope either of vertical or horizontal expansion Demand for Houses.

(5) Skyscrapers:

The growing need of land and consequently sudden shooting rise in price of land in big cities further led to the conception of multi-storeyed buildings as they are popularly known as skyscraperes. As with many urban development topics, the idea of skyscrapers has sparked divided opinions among town planners. Some support the concept, seeing it as a solution to overcrowding and limited space, while others oppose it for various reasons, including environmental concerns and the impact on city aesthetics. This debate has led to numerous seminars and discussions, where experts from diverse fields of community life, including architecture, urban planning, and sociology, have shared their perspectives and insights Demand for Houses.

The arguments for and against the skyscrapers may briefly be mentioned as follows:

Arguments for:

  1. It gives sunlight and pure air to the residents and gives them relief against noise nuisance.
  2. It is a remunerative or paying proposition.
  3. It allows for more open space around the building, which can be utilized for various recreational purposes such as a tennis court, swimming pool, badminton court, or general recreation areas, enhancing the quality of life for the residents.
  4. By optimizing the layout, it minimizes the distance occupants need to travel within the building, saving both time and energy, making daily routines more efficient.
  5. Il results in curtailment of costs of various services such as water supply, transport, electrification, drainage, etc.
  6. Skyscrapers help conserve valuable land, freeing it up for agricultural use or for the development of industrial units, contributing to the efficient use of urban space and supporting economic growth.
  7. The conveniences such as offices, markets and also other amenities can be had in the same building.
  8. Living on the upper floors offers the added benefit of breathtaking scenic views, allowing residents to enjoy the sight of nearby roads, lush green farms, hills, mountains, trees, rivers, lakes, and other natural landscapes, enhancing the overall living experience.
  9. They could be seen to symbolize the economic growth of town and their location could enhance the skyline as well as bear an expressive form of the urban imagery Demand for Houses.

Arguments against:

  1. For elderly residents, vertical travel can become a challenge if the building’s lift or elevator fails, making daily mobility difficult and uncomfortable Demand for Houses.
  2. Residents of skyscrapers miss the advantage of having a private garden, which many people find essential for outdoor relaxation and connection with nature. If a skyscraper is poorly located without proper consideration of the surrounding landscape, it can disrupt the city’s skyline.
  3. To preserve the beauty of natural elements like waterfronts, hills, and other scenic areas, skyscrapers should only be allowed in designated zones that ensure harmony with the environment Demand for Houses.
  4. It deprives the sunlight and air of others.
  5. It is quite likely that a skyscraper may cause an obstruction to air traffic and micro-wave transmission.
  6. The costs of construction and maintenance are high for skyscrapers because of the instalment of services such as lifts, fire lighting devices, etc. and design of structural elements for wind, earthquake, etc Demand for Houses.
  7. It may create psychological problems for children as they have no open space to play.
  8. There is considerable increase in the land value due to the construction of skyscrapers and it ultimately
  9. Necessiates into the construction of more skyscrapers Demand for Houses.
  10. There is fear of panic in case of emergency such as flre or earthquake.

Key Laws Provisions for Construction Activities

Key laws for construction activities ensure worker safety, fair wages, health, welfare, and compensation through regulations like Factory, Minimum Wages, and Compensation Acts.

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